Sources of silica dust

Stones, rocks, sands and clays can contain large amounts of crystalline silica. These materials are used to make kerbs, flagstones, bricks, tiles and many other cement or concrete products.

Cutting these materials results in very fine Respirable Crystalline Silica (RCS) in the dust that is produced by that cutting. These particles are small and can’t always be seen.

Health risks from breathing in silica dust

1.       Silicosis:  makes breathing difficult and increases the risk of lung infections. It usually follows years of exposure but exceptionally high exposures over periods can have the same effect.

2        Lung Cancer:  heavy and prolonged exposure can be a direct cause of lung cancer.

3        Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD):  is a group of lung diseases like emphysema. Results in severe breathing difficulties and prolonged coughing. It is very disabling and is a leading cause of death.

Precautions

1        Where it is possible, the job should be planned to eliminate silica dust.

2        Water suppression is the first line of defence for disc cutters and cut off saws. Mains feed is preferred but a pressurized water bottle can be used. 0.5 litres/minute is required for effective dust suppression.

3        Some tools and plant are fitted with dust extraction and collection devices – if these are available, use them.

4        Wear a suitable dust mask. This is as well as dust suppression as above. Use either FFP3 filtering face pieces or orinasal respirators with P3 filters.

5        Ensure staff know how to use any respirators or face pieces that are provided.

6        Consider the effects that your work may be having on other people and carry out cutting in areas where other people will not be affected.